Here are some questions and answers about lead in the District's water supply. The information comes from the D.C. Water and Sewer Authority, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Water Quality Association:
Q How does lead get into the water?
A Most lead contamination is believed to result from the corrosion of lead pipes in the home or lead service lines that connect home plumbing to public water lines. The D.C. Water and Sewer Authority estimates that 23,000 D.C. properties are served by lead service lines. Other sources of contamination include lead-based solder used to join copper pipes and other fixtures. When water stands in systems with lead components for several hours, lead can dissolve into the water.
Are there steps I can take to reduce or eliminate lead in my water?
WASA suggests several steps:
• Flush the water system by allowing water to run for 30 seconds to one minute from taps that have not been used for six hours or more.
• Use only cold tap water for drinking; warm tap water is likely to contain more lead. Water for cooking should be drawn from the cold tap and heated on the stove. Boiling water does not remove lead.
• Remove debris from faucet strainers regularly.
• Replace lead solder.
• Determine whether your service line is made of lead and replace if it is.
• Have an electrician check your wiring. If grounding wires from the electrical system are attached to your pipes, corrosion may be greater.
Do household water filters remove lead?
Filter models vary widely, and consumers should consult the packaging to determine whether a product is certified to remove lead. Some water pitchers and faucet filtration systems are certified to reduce lead; others are certified to remove other things -- chlorine, for example -- but not lead.
How do I know if my water is contaminated with lead?
You cannot see, taste or smell lead in drinking water. Therefore, you must have your water tested. Call WASA's hotline, 202-787-2732, or check www.dcwasa.com for more information.
Should elevated lead levels in drinking water be a cause for alarm?
It is cause for concern if it results in elevated levels of lead in the bloodstream. If lead builds up in the body, it can damage the brain, nervous system, red blood cells and kidneys. Children and pregnant women are at the greatest risk. People worried about lead poisoning should ask their doctors to perform blood tests. The D.C. Department of Health can provide more information about the health effects of lead and about obtaining blood tests for children. Call 202-535-2690 or 202-535-2626 for more information.
-- Monte Reel
