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IBM turns 100 A look at the tech titan over the years.
On June 16, 1911, the Tabulating Machine Co., the International Time Recording Co. and the Computing Scale Co. merged to become the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Co. In 1914, Thomas J. Watson (pictured) became C-T-R's general manager, and then 10 years later the company was renamed the International Business Machines Corp. Watson is known for developing the famous "THINK" slogan.
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AP
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Thomas J. Watson Jr. took over IBM in 1956. Here he is shown sitting at an electronic data processing machine, one of the mechnical brains made by the company.
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A Navy technician stands at the rear of the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator in Cambridge, Mass., in August 1944. The IBM calculator was the first to "execute long computations automatically," according to the company.
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A woman tries the new IBM 72 electric typewriter on October 9, 1961. The machine had a usable speed of more than 180 words a minute and used a single element typing head smaller than a golf ball, containing all 88 characters of the keyboard.
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A model studies patterns produced by an IBM machine in Atlanta, June 18, 1965. This machine used a basic outline from an item of clothing to provide outlines that would be needed for larger and smaller sizes. It copied anything from bras and panties to men's suits.
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AP
In 1969, IBM computers helped man land on the moon.
NEIL ARMSTRONG
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VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
At the "Astroflash" office in Grand Central Terminal in New York, January 1971, a person's horoscope is computed by IBM machines. The machine asked for one's day, month and year of birth, plus city and state and, if possible, the exact hour. The data ran through the computer, which spilled out a character portrait and a six-month forecast, all for $10.00.
John Lent
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AP
IBM introduced its personal computer system for home and school use in August 1981, ushering in a new era for technology. The expandable system included a monitor, printer and disk drives.
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In 1986, IBM scientists Heinrich Rohrer (left) and Gerd Binnig of IBM's Zurich Research Laboratory were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for their invention of the scanning tunneling microscope.
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Photo courtesy of IBM Research
Traders on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange on June 12, 1995, in front of the booth where IBM stock is traded. The Dow was led higher by IBM, which was up after winning an agreement to acquire Lotus Development, a software company, for a sweetened bid of $3.52 billion.
ADAM NADEL
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ASSOCIATED PRESS
Garry Kasparov ponders his chess moves during his third game with IBM's Deep Blue, Feb.13, 1996, in Philadelphia. The game ended in a draw, but Kasparov ended up winning the final game and series 4-2 against the supercomputer. "Fighting this computer has changed the way I -- and I imagine most others -- will approach the game in the future," he said after winning the final game.
GEORGE WIDMAN
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ASSOCIATED PRESS
A production worker at the IBM plant in Essex Junction, Vt., checks a wafer of computer chips, December 1995. The Vermont IBM plant helped Nintendo create new game technology. IBM made a custom computer chip for a new Nintendo model that provided more computing power and more animated graphics.
TOBY TALBOT
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The ThinkPad was released in 1992. The notebook computer was a hit and collected more than 300 awards, according to IBM. The ThinkPad shown here is from 1996.
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This undated photo shows a scientist holding a thinned wafer of silicon computer circuits ready for bonding to another circuit wafer, using IBM's new process for stacking chips three-dimensionally. The process can improve the power distribution between chips and improve data-transfer speeds.
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A green-chemistry breakthrough, unveiled in March 2010 by IBM and Stanford University, could lead to new types of environmentally sustainable plastics.
MONICA M. DAVEY
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"Jeopardy!" sensation Ken Jennings, who won a record 74 consecutive games, refers to his opponent, an IBM computer called "Watson," while being interviewed after a practice round of the "Jeopardy!" quiz show. It's the size of 10 refrigerators, but Watson was lacking one thing it needed to battle the greatest champions from the TV quiz show -- it couldn't hit a buzzer. But that didn't matter. The IBM computer ended up defeating Jennings.
Seth Wenig
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AP
With 100 years under its belt, IBM said it will use its anniversary to predict "where the world will be in the next 100 years."
Joerg Sarbach
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DAPD
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