Walter Pincus
Walter Pincus
Fine Print

Paying for the all-voluntary military

Chris Hondros/Getty Images - Cadets stand for the national anthem before a speech by U.S. President Barack Obama in Eisenhower Hall at the United States Military Academy at West Point December 1, 2009 in West Point, New York.

The United States can’t sustain the pay, allowances, retirement and health benefits that the all-volunteer military force and their families enjoy, according to a study by the Defense Department’s Reserve Forces Policy Board.

“The all-in cost of the all-volunteer force is one of the time-ticking bombs that could explode our defense capabilities if not dealt with responsibly,” said Arnold L. Punaro, chairman of the board, a former top staffer on the Senate Armed Services Committee and retired Marine Corps major general.

Latest stories from Foreign

U.S. to destroy $7B in gear sent to Afghanistan

U.S. to destroy $7B in gear sent to Afghanistan

About 20 percent of the equipment sent to the war zone will be disposed of because it is not needed or too costly to ship back, and it’s too complicated to donate or sell.

Law cracks down on editor of Russian heartland website

Law cracks down on editor of Russian heartland website

She lost her room to maneuver and now faces stiff prison term; Urals area losing independent voice.

Obama, in Berlin, calls for U.S., Russia to cut nuclear warheads

Obama, in Berlin, calls for U.S., Russia to cut nuclear warheads

His speech from the Brandenburg Gate recalls Cold War history, focuses on current challenges.

Karzai casts doubts on talks with U.S., Taliban; 4 U.S. troops killed

Karzai casts doubts on talks with U.S., Taliban; 4 U.S. troops killed

A deadly Taliban attack at Bagram air base underscores the complexity of trying to negotiate a peace deal.

Obama win spurs congratulations, reflection around globe

Obama win spurs congratulations, reflection around globe

Many seemed to suggest a second-term president would be free from constraints that bedevil a first-termer.

Punaro said one reason that it’s difficult to reform the system is because “the Pentagon does not know what the all-volunteer force really costs.” His board study says the Defense Department has not included in its calculations all ancillary, life-cycle costs such as family housing, education, day care, commissaries and health care.

They are the equivalent of what industry would consider deferred compensation, Punaro said.

Under today’s system, military personnel who retire after 20 years of service receive at least 50 percent of their salaries for the rest of their lives, indexed for inflation. Another 2 percent is added for every service year over 20. They also get lifetime health insurance under TRICARE, the military’s HMO-style plan whose current annual fee for families is $520.

“The military (active duty) retirement system is arguably the best retirement deal around. Unlike most retirement plans, the Armed Forces offer a pension (technically a “reduced compensation for reduced services) with benefits that start the day you retire, no matter how old you are,” according to Military.com.

Punaro adds these facts:

“First of all, 80 percent of those who join the military and serve honorably never get one nickel in retirement benefits or health care after they leave active duty. For the 17 percent that make it to a non-disability retirement, 75 percent of them retire at career [year] 23 or less (why wouldn’t they).”

One result, he adds, is “we now have 2.4 million retirees and only 1.4 million active duty.” Adding to the cost, he says, “We have 9 million beneficiaries of the $52 billion-a-year health-care bill of which 5.5 million are retirees and their dependents.”

The 1970 Nixon-appointed commission that recommended moving from the draft to an all-volunteer force said the program “would be unsustainable over time if it did not end the 20-year cliff vesting retirement, the up and out promotion system and change the pay and compensation from time in grade to skills and performance.” The all-volunteer program started in 1973, and 40 years later none of those changes has occurred.

Change will depend on the Military Compensation and Retirement Modernization Commission, which Defense Secretary Leon E. Panetta called for last year and Congress established in the fiscal 2013 Defense Authorization Bill. President Obama signed the bill on Dec. 31.

Its task is “to make recommendations to modernize such systems in order to ensure the long-term viability of the All-Volunteer Force.”

Loading...

Comments

Add your comment
 
Read what others are saying About Badges