BALCO: Bay Area Laboratory Co-Operative.
USADA: U.S. Anti-Doping Agency.
CAS: Court of Arbitration for Sport.
"The cream": Testosterone-based substance that is applied topically.
THG: Also known as "the clear," tetrahydrogestrinone, a designer steroid allegedly produced and distributed by BALCO whose effects are similar to those of anabolic steroids.
EPO: Endurance-building erythropoietin improved the red blood cells' ability to produce oxygen.
HGH: Human growth hormone, which has legitimate medical uses but is also used to build muscle mass.
Modafinil: A stimulant normally prescribed for narcolepsy.