Actress Shelley Winters, 85; Blond Bombshell to Oscar Winner

"I developed a whole fantasy world during my childhood," she wrote. "Reality was too unbearable. This ability to fantasize has been a powerful tool in my acting."

After winning local beauty contests, Ms. Winters left school to model dresses. She also was a nightclub dancer and appeared in summer stock.

She wrote of having more gumption than talent early on. During a nationwide scouting hunt to find the ideal Scarlett O'Hara for the film "Gone With the Wind," she told the casting agent with a Brooklyn accent, "Lawdy, folks, I'm the only goil to play Scarlett."

She won small parts on Broadway that led to a film contract with Columbia studios. When Columbia let her contract run out, she called Garson Kanin, a casual acquaintance then directing his play "Born Yesterday" on Broadway. She asked to be understudy to star Judy Holliday. Instead, Kanin told her to look up film director George Cukor, who was casting for the doomed waitress in a movie script Kanin had co-written.

The film was 1947's "A Double Life," and it would provide Ms. Winters with her first notable part. She played the mistress and unwitting Desdemona to a psychotic Shakespearean actor (Ronald Colman). Colman won the Oscar that year, and the film's overall acclaim brought much attention to Ms. Winters's talents.

Then under a long contract at Universal studios, she was rushed into a series of forgettable musicals and gangster melodramas. Periodically, she grabbed better assignments as a freelancer. Among her notable work was playing Myrtle Wilson in "The Great Gatsby" (1949) with Alan Ladd, and a hostage who develops romantic feelings for thug John Garfield in "He Ran All the Way" (1951).

Ms. Winters wanted badly to do a big-budget picture, and she devoted her time to pursuing one of the most sought-after roles in Hollywood: a mousy factory worker impregnated by social-climber Montgomery Clift in "A Place in the Sun."

Desperate to prove her ability beyond what she called blond bombshell publicity, Ms. Winters showed up for her first meeting with director George Stevens looking so meek and pathetic that he didn't recognize her.

He was so pleased with her immersion in the character that he offered her the role immediately. Ms. Winters, who received her first Oscar nomination in the part, later called Stevens the best director she had known. They worked again on "The Diary of Anne Frank," when she recalled Stevens playing the song "Purple People Eater" to loosen up the cast after tense scenes.

By the mid-1950s, she was veering into scene-stealing secondary roles, such as the secretary and mistress to Paul Douglas in "Executive Suite" (1954); a trampy actress who gets murdered in "The Big Knife" (1955), starring Jack Palance; and a widow who falls victim to a murderous preacher, played by Robert Mitchum, in "The Night of the Hunter" (1955).

"Mitchum, who was and is famous for playing jokes and kidding around on the set, was contained and serious throughout the filming," she later wrote. "Charles Laughton directed the film slowly and carefully. And we knew when we saw the first rushes that we were part of something classic and timeless. 'Night of the Hunter' is probably the most thoughtful and reserved performance I ever gave."

Ms. Winters studied acting with Laughton but also was a follower of the "Method," a naturalistic performance style in which actors plumb their own lives for motivation.

When her studio contract expired, Ms. Winters revived her stage career. She won praise as a heroin addict's wife in Michael V. Gazzo's drama "A Hatful of Rain" (1955).

Critic Brooks Atkinson wrote of Ms. Winters in the New York Times: "She is simple, aware of all that is going on around her, good-humored and full of compassion and decision when the last scene comes around. She had the taste as well as the craft for a lucid and disarming character portrait."

Also in the Broadway cast were Ben Gazzara and her third husband, Anthony Franciosa, of whom she later wrote: "If there had been an Olympic sex team that year, Tony would have been the champion." They later divorced.

Ms. Winters began writing short plays, culminating in a series of one-acts produced off Broadway in 1970 under the title "One Night Stands of a Noisy Passenger." In the cast was a young Robert De Niro, who also played her drug-addicted son in Roger Corman's film "Bloody Mama" (1970).

Many of her later roles were Jewish-mother parts, from "Next Stop, Greenwich Village" (1976) to "The Delta Force" (1986). Her last film was the Italian farce "La Bomba" (1999), which reunited her with her second husband, the Italian stage and film actor Vittorio Gassman. She said they divorced in 1954 after she discovered him romancing his 16-year-old Ophelia in a production of "Hamlet."

Her first marriage, to a Chicago textile salesman named Mack P. Mayer, also ended in divorce.

Survivors include a daughter from her second marriage.