China to Increase Its Military Budget

Chinese leaders and delegates attend the opening session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in Beijing's Great Hall of the People Saturday March 3, 2007. CPPCC Chairman Jia Qinglin opened China's annual legislative season by calling on non-communists to help ease tensions over the country's growing and politically explosive wealth gap.(AP Photo/Elizabeth Dalziel) (Elizabeth Dalziel - AP)

BEIJING -- China's military spending, a point of contention with the United States, will jump 17.8 percent this year, the spokesman for the National People's Congress said Sunday.

Jiang Enzhu told a news conference on the eve of the annual meeting of China's legislature that military spending would hit $44.94 billion in 2007 _ an increase of $6.84 billion over last year, though experts believe the true figure of China's military spending could be several times the amount that it reports.

Jiang said most of the money would be spent on boosting wages and living allowances for the 2.5 million-member People's Liberation Army, and on upgrading armaments. He did not give any other details.

The announcement of the increased budget comes as China's leaders display renewed confidence in their ability to control divisive political debate, putting to a vote a toughly contested bill on property rights at this year's session of the national legislature.

The proposed property rights law and an uncontroversial corporate tax bill are the only pieces of legislation before the congress in its 12-day session which opens Monday. The two measures are all but certain to pass, legal scholars and Chinese political watchers said.

Such certainty says much about change in a political system in which the Communist Party tightly controls the reins of power but ordinary Chinese, emboldened by economic and social changes, feel increasingly free to voice opinions.

Dominated by the party, the congress is largely powerless. Still, a year ago an angry campaign by conservative communists that portrayed the property bill as a sellout of popular interests to a corrupt business elite _ and that was amplified by fiery Internet postings _ forced leaders to scuttle plans to put the measure before the congress.

Now, "the central leadership is quite comfortable with the debate because they can control it," said Cheng Li, a Chinese politics specialist at Washington's Brookings Institute. At the congress session, "they want to create a kind of atmosphere. They want to show there's some openness."

In power for nearly five years, ever-cautious party chief Hu Jintao, Premier Wen Jiabao and other leaders are coming into their own, putting their stamp on policies to spread the benefits of economic growth more evenly across a society with a large rich-poor gap. The initiatives, though still works in progress, have proven popular.

Heavy politicking is always the main agenda at the congress, which is comprised of nearly 3,000 members drawn mainly from provincial political notables and military commanders. This year's session is more so, with Hu and his allies seeking support for a renewed mandate at a pivotal once-in-five-years party conclave to be held later this year.

Congress deputies are to pass the government's budget, including the hefty increase in military spending, and endorse policies to keep the economy humming along at a slightly moderated pace from its double-digit growth of the past four years.

China's increased military spending has drawn comments from the United States, most recently from Vice President Dick Cheney, who on a swing through Asia last month said some of Beijing's actions were at odds with its words about its military expansion being peaceful.

In smaller groups, the deputies are also expected to discuss pressing social issues _ extending health care insurance to rural Chinese, avoiding volatility in the high-flying stock markets, and excising the rampant corruption that excites public anger.

Hu and his colleagues have in the past year launched a robust anti-corruption campaign, cashiering a handful of top officials and tens of thousands of lower-level ones.

Jiang said Sunday that former Shanghai party chief Chen Liangyu, who is under arrest for a pension scandal in China's financial capital, would not be attending the legislature.

The pending property law, drafted and redrafted over eight years, could also set off passions. The lack of clear ownership rights and protections is a crucial impediment to further market reforms, complicating business mergers and leaving ordinary Chinese at risk of land seizures by local governments.

But Jiang rejected criticism the property law went against China's Constitution, saying it gave equal protection to public and private property. He said that "under a socialist market economy," state, collective and private property should be entitled to equal rights.