China Leaves Small Investors Behind on Road To Capitalism

SHANGHAI -- When emergency workers found Wang sprawled unconscious after having downed two bags of insecticide, he was still clutching the PDA he had been using to check stock prices.

Like a number of other small investors in China, Wang had bet -- and lost -- his life savings, about $15,000, on the Chinese stock market. The propaganda office and doctors at the hospital where he was treated said the 36-year-old factory worker had been preparing to get married and that he had hoped to use the money to buy an apartment for his fiancee.

Wang's attempted suicide and those of other investors are a heartbreaking consequence of China's great experiment in capitalism.

In February, Li, a 25-year-old engineer, jumped from the seventh floor of the building where he worked in the city of Chengdu. His company said he had lost a huge amount on the stock market. On March 30, a 39-year-old former ice cream shop owner, also named Li, leapt to his death from his apartment building in the inland province of Shandong after losing a third of the $4,500 he had invested.

As China's stock markets crashed over the past six months, the Communist government reacted in a way most consumer investors like Wang did not anticipate: It watched from the sidelines. It wasn't until last week, after the Shanghai benchmark index's fall to a symbolic milestone, below 50 percent of its peak in October, that Beijing finally stepped in.

Its announcements that it would slash a tax on stock transactions and control volatility by requiring some big block trades to take place off the regular stock market pushed the market up 14 percent. It has fallen again since then, however.

But given that the Chinese government has the power and money to do much more, some say the fact that its help arrived so late and is so limited means it is sending a message to shareholders that they should no longer expect a government bailout in such situations.

The former shop owner's sister, Li Chunyan, 34, said she understands that those who lost everything have only themselves to blame for risking so much. But because the stock market is "damaging common people's lives this much, there should be policies" to help them. She said even the U.S. government is doing more to help its investors: "I heard about the U.S. lowering interest rates to save the market," she said. "Well, different countries are different."

In online bulletin board postings, small-time retail investors -- who, unlike in U.S. markets, make up the vast majority of those who hold money in China's exchanges -- have vented their anger at the government. "China's stock market is piled up with investors' tears and blood," wrote one shareholder.

Institutional investors, fund managers and analysts who follow the Chinese stock markets are less sympathetic, saying that the suffering of consumers who lost money is a necessary step on the road to capitalism.

"You lose money, you jump out the window, too bad. It's your problem," said Vincent Chan, head of China research for Credit Suisse. "For any market to grow, this is something the government should realize: At the end of the day it's the investors who bear the responsibility of the investment, not other people."

The nosedive of the Shanghai stock market and its sister exchange in the southern city of Shenzhen has been humbling for Chinese investors who had once believed the only direction share prices could go was up.