Democrats Benefiting From Post-Election Lobby Boom

"In this climate, Democratic backgrounds are attractive to people," Sheehan said. "This town, that's what it runs on."

Some large firms that focused exclusively on an ability to connect with top Republicans began to view the 2008 election as a serious business problem. This was true of Rogers's firm, BGR Holding, which made its name with blue-chip connections in elite Republican circles. Shortly before Election Day, BGR signed a deal with Westin Rinehart to give his clients better access to a broader range of services, and to Democrats. "We wanted more familiarity with the inner workings of the Democrat machinery," Rogers said.

Other firms had already hedged against a partisan restructuring.

Ron Kaufman, a Republican lobbyist at Dutko Worldwide who served as a close adviser to President George H.W. Bush and Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, said he cannot recall a better time to be a Democratic staff member looking for work. But he said his firm has always tried to keep both sides of the aisle covered so it does not have to panic during shifts in political control.

"The only change for us is that the Democrats are now the varsity squad, and I've been demoted to the junior varsity," Kaufman joked.

Republicans working at industry associations have felt some pain. But not all long-established Republican insiders have to worry about life in a town run by Democrats, said Michael S. Berman, a Democrat who is partnered with Republican Kenneth M. Duberstein at the Duberstein Group. Most are valued as much for their strategic advice as their Rolodexes, he said.

"Yes, this will be a different government," Berman said. "But there are clients we have worked for for years and never made a call to the Hill. You're advising people on how to structure their business -- that doesn't require a partisan contact. It requires knowing what's going on."

This week, Obama transition chief John D. Podesta told reporters that the president-elect would impose "the strictest and most far-reaching ethics rules of any transition in history," including a series of rules defining how the group that is planning the new administration will interact with the lobbying industry.

Political scientist Norman J. Ornstein said that while the rules "may exclude some good people with deep experience in their fields . . . it will also exclude those who see government service as a springboard to financial success, or who are more intent on pleasing future potential employers or clients than making tough choices in the public interest."

But almost from the start of his campaign, Obama made clear that he would not be slamming the door on interactions with lobbyists. In a December 2007 speech in Iowa, he said he was "running to tell the lobbyists in Washington that their days of setting the agenda are over. They have not funded my campaign. They won't work in my White House." But the candidate quickly backed away from that second part. A few days later in Waterloo, Iowa, he changed the phrasing to say that lobbyists "are not going to dominate my White House."

One bright line Obama will continue to draw is his prohibition on campaign contributions from lobbyists, now extended to cover the nonprofit accounts he has set up to pay transition costs and fund inauguration festivities. That is in keeping with the ban on donations Obama enforced during the campaign.

Steve Elmendorf, a former top adviser to former House minority leader Richard A. Gephardt (D-Mo.), said that he understands why Obama took that approach, but that he does not believe lobbyists will be turned away. "I don't think they've said 'We're not going to talk to lobbyists,' " Elmendorf said. "They are going to talk to stakeholders. The stakeholders are all going to be represented by lobbyists. It's not going to be a black-and-white thing."

Elmendorf is one of several who foresee a boon for the industry. A new Democratic administration and an increasing Democratic tilt in Congress means more activist government, he said. "That means businesses will have the potential for more things to happen to them. If they think that's coming, they will be hiring people to figure out how to contend with that."

Fred Wertheimer, president of the campaign finance reform group Democracy 21, said he is encouraged by the new transition rules aimed at restricting those who work in the administration from cycling into lobbying. "It shows he wants to attack the influence money culture that has permeated the city," Wertheimer said.

But Tony Podesta, John Podesta's brother and a top Democratic lobbyist, said the party's expanding ranks are not going to force him to curtail his work. "I'm not studying for the priesthood or thinking of opening a doughnut shop," he said.

Research editor Alice Crites contributed to this report.