CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 16% 79% 91% 6% 1997 24 72 91 5 1996 27 70 94 5 1995 14 86 97 2 1994 35 60 96 1 1993 21 79 94 2 1992 81 19 97 3 1991 73 22 89 5 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 95 1997 96 1996 97 1995 99 1994 97 1993 97 1992 99 1991 94	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 5% n/a 89% 100 % 1997 0 0 80 96 1996 5 9 94 100 1995 0 0 96 100 1994 5 13 82 100 1993 10 8 91 100 1992 5 17 75 100 1991 5 9 78 100
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

CALIFORNIA 4 : Northeast Central

The Mother Lode country, which once drew gold seekers to its mountains and rivers, now attracts those who want to leave the state's crowded cities but still work in a burgeoning high-tech economy. This is safe Republican territory, and the new arrivals have only added to the pool of GOP voters.

The 4th encompasses seven counties between Sacramento and the Nevada state line - and a small slice of northern Sacramento County - and is home to nine federally designated wilderness areas. While the southern portion remains rural, the northern, faster-growing area has become more suburban.

Seventy percent of district residents live in Placer, El Dorado and Sacramento counties, where high-tech companies are attracting transplants from the San Francisco area. The remaining counties - Amador, Alpine, Calaveras, Tuolumne and Mono - have not fared as well, due to a slowdown in the area's natural resources-based economy.

The district also is a popular vacation destination, with numerous ski resorts dotting the Sierra Nevada mountain range, as well as Lake Tahoe in eastern El Dorado County and Yosemite National Park at the southern end of the district.

Major Industry
Computers, tourism, aerospace

Population
571,027 (1990)

Cities
Roseville, 62,649; Folsom, 41,103 (1996); Citrus Heights (unincorporated) (pt.), 62,403; Fair Oaks (unincorporated), 26,867 (1990)

People
39% urban; 12% age 65+ (ranks 11 of 52 in state; middle third nationally); 63% married couples, 28% married couples with children; 21% college educated (ranks 26 of 52 in state; middle third nationally); 61% white collar (ranks 25 of 52 in state; middle third nationally), 23% blue collar (ranks 27 of 52 in state; bottom third nationally) (1990)

Race
93% white, 2% black, 2% Asian; 7% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$35,772 (ranks 24 of 52 in state; top third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
Angels Camp in Calaveras County hosts the annual jumping frog contest made famous by Mark Twain; Yosemite became the first national park in 1890; Squaw Valley hosted the 1960 Winter Olympics.

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