CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 80% 16% 94% 3% 1997 77 19 91 4 1996 80 16 91 2 1995 80 14 92 3 1994 74 19 93 1 1993 77 19 93 2 1992 12 80 91 1 1991 24 69 89 4 1990 15 84 92 3 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 94 1997 93 1996 94 1995 94 1994 94 1993 93 1992 93 1991 93 1990 96	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 95% n/a 33% 12 % 1997 100 100 20 4 1996 95 100 13 0 1995 85 100 22 0 1994 90 89 25 0 1993 95 92 18 0 1992 90 92 25 0 1991 90 92 20 0 1990 100 92 15 4
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

CALIFORNIA 8 : San Francisco

Since the Gold Rush in the mid-19th century, San Francisco has attracted visitors, new residents and fortune-seekers from around the globe. "The City," as its known to natives, is famous for its landmarks, food and a diverse collection of neighborhoods, from the Italian and Hispanic centers of North Beach and the Mission District to Chinatown.

More than 75 percent of the city's residents live within the 8th. Redistricting in 1992 enlarged the district's share of the city by 50,000 people, while placing neighborhoods south of Golden Gate Park and west of Twin Peaks into the adjacent 12th District.

The first city in California to elect an openly gay official (he and the mayor were killed by a city supervisor in 1978, opening the way for current Sen. Dianne Feinstein to become mayor), the 8th is safe Democratic territory. A center for protest during the Vietnam War, the city also forbade police from arresting illegal immigrants fleeing Central American bloodshed in the 1980s, in opposition to federal immigration officials. More recently, the city has helped fund the largest needle exchange program in the nation and has voiced support for medical marijuana.

Major Industry
Tourism, financial services, health care

Population
573,192 (1990)

Cities
San Francisco (pt.), 573,192 (1990)

People
100% urban; 14% age 65+ (ranks fifth of 52 in state; top third nationally); 31% married couples, 12% married couples with children; 34% college educated (ranks ninth of 52 in state; top third nationally); 67% white collar (ranks 15 of 52 in state; top third nationally), 16% blue collar (ranks 46 of 52 in state; bottom third nationally) (1990)

Race
52% white, 13% black, 28% Asian; 15% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$31,659 (ranks 33 of 52 in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
San Francisco was home to the nation's only declared monarch, Norton I, who named himself Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico in 1859; Throughout his "reign," Norton issued various proclamations, including an order that a bridge be constructed between San Francisco and Oakland - more than 50 years before the actual construction of the Bay Bridge.

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