CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 32% 65% 86% 12% 1997 33 61 83 12 1996 43 51 82 11 1995 21 75 92 6 1994 50 41 77 18 1993 42 56 83 15 1992 77 14 77 17 1991 81 16 78 16 1990 65 26 70 19 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 97 1997 96 1996 94 1995 98 1994 95 1993 96 1992 95 1991 93 1990 88	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 10% n/a 100% 75 % 1997 20 38 80 63 1996 5 0 94 83 1995 5 9 95 68 1994 0 13 82 88 1993 0 8 100 88 1992 10 17 86 83 1991 0 18 100 83 1990 6 0 58 76
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

CALIFORNIA 40 : San Bernardino County - Redlands

The 40th covers an enormous desert that includes nearly one-fifth of California and takes in most of San Bernardino County - the nation's largest county - and Inyo County. Nearly everyone lives in the southwestern corner, which includes part of the Inland Empire, Victor Valley and Morongo Basin communities. Republicans enjoy a solid edge in registration.

The Inland Empire grew so much in the 1980s that it gained two new congressional districts in 1992. Such growth continued in the 1990s, especially in Victor Valley, where affordable land and housing have made the area a magnet for Los Angeles workers.

The 40th's economy was hit hard by base closures - it lost close to half of its military population when George and Norton Air Force bases closed in 1992 and '94. Locals hope a new trade center and industrial park will replace many lost military jobs.

Major Industry
Military, service, manufacturing

Military Bases
Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, 10,300 military, 1,500 civilian; Fort Irwin (Army), 4,574 military, 1,984 civilian; Marine Corps Logistics Base, 308 military, 1,915 civilian; Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, 382 military, 3,298 civilian (shared with 21st District) (1998)

Population
573,939 (1990)

Cities
Redlands, 67,000; Victorville, 61,923; Hesperia, 60,900 (1998 est.)

People
61% urban; 12% age 65+ (ranks 14 of 52 in state; middle third nationally); 60% married couples, 30% married couples with children; 16% college educated (ranks 35 of 52 in state; middle third nationally); 56% white collar (ranks 32 of 52 in state; middle third nationally), 28% blue collar (ranks 13 of 52 in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Race
82% white, 5% black, 4% Asian; 16% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$30,408 (ranks 37 of 52 in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
Lowest (Death Valley), and highest (Mt. Whitney) points in California; Roy Rogers and Dale Evans lived in Apple Valley; Roy Rogers Museum in Victorville; Loma Linda U. Medical Center known for 1984 "Baby Fay" case, in which an infant was given a baboon's heart; Fort Irwin, where the Army trained Desert Storm troops for desert maneuvers.

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