CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 21% 77% 94% 4% 1997 24 76 96 2 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 98 1997 99	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 0% n/a 100% 100 % 1997 5 0 100 100
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

KANSAS 2 : East - Topeka; Leavenworth; Pittsburg

Located in the eastern part of Kansas, the 2nd contains 25 counties and runs the entire length of the state from Nebraska to Oklahoma. The moderately conservative district is a combination of rural farm communities and urbanized areas, including the state capital, Topeka. Two-thirds of district residents live in the Topeka area.

Republicans do well in the district's rural regions, while Democrats are more successful in Topeka and the state's blue-collar southeast corner. Although the 2nd is described as conservative, it is not overwhelmingly Republican; the 2nd was the only congressional district in Kansas where native son Bob Dole failed to win 50 percent or more of the vote in the 1996 presidential election.

The 2nd's economy has experienced slow but steady growth, and unemployment is low. Most of the district's jobs revolve around agriculture, particularly wheat. State government is Topeka's largest employer. Fort Riley, in Riley County, and Fort Leavenworth also add to the 2nd's economy, although Fort Riley suffered a round of cutbacks in the mid-1990s.

Major Industry
Agriculture, defense, manufacturing

Military Bases
Fort Riley (Army) 10,269 military, 3,451 civilian; Fort Leavenworth (Army) 3,144 military, 2,279 civilian (1997)

Population
619,385 (1990)

Cities
Topeka, 126,062 (1998); Manhattan, 42,117; Leavenworth, 39,431 (1996)

People
41% rural; 14% age 65+ (ranks second of four in state; top third nationally); 60% married couples, 29% married couples with children; 18% college educated (ranks third of four in state, middle third nationally); 54% white collar (ranks third of four in state, middle third nationally), 26% blue collar (ranks third of four in state, middle third nationally) (1990)

Race
90% white, 6% black, 1% Asian; 3% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$24,903 (ranks third of four in state; bottom third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
Boxer Rocky Graziano got his start while at the federal penitentiary in Leavenworth; Cowboy and Old West stage show proprietor William "Buffalo Bill" Cody from Leavenworth.

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