CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 83% 17% 93% 7% 1997 84 16 92 8 1996 89 11 93 6 1995 90 10 92 7 1994 83 15 95 5 1993 85 15 96 4 1992 18 82 96 4 1991 28 72 95 5 1990 19 81 97 3 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 99 1997 99 1996 99 1995 99 1994 99 1993 100 1992 100 1991 99 1990 99	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 100% n/a 33% 8 % 1997 100 100 50 4 1996 85 82 19 0 1995 90 100 21 8 1994 85 89 50 5 1993 95 100 18 4 1992 95 83 38 4 1991 100 100 30 0 1990 89 100 21 4
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

MICHIGAN 12 : Suburban Detroit - Warren; Sterling Heights

A nearly square section of well-settled suburbs north of 8 Mile Road, Detroit's northern boundary, forms Michigan's 12th. The district is fertile ground for Democratic candidates and depends heavily on automobile manufacturing, making the United Auto Workers union a potent political force. But the influence of several wealthy towns keeps the district competitive for Republican candidates in some areas.

The western side of the district, along the Golden Corridor that runs from 8 Mile Road north to Utica, is lined with auto manufacturing facilities. Warren, the district's largest city and a traditional Democratic stronghold, is home to the GM Technical Center, a 330-acre design and engineering campus. Not far from there is the General Dynamics M-1 tank plant where Democratic presidential nominee Michael S. Dukakis took his ill-advised tank ride in 1988.

Both Troy, in the southwestern corner of Oakland, Michigan's wealthiest county, and nearby Sterling Heights, lean toward the GOP. Both cities have benefited from growth in high-tech automotive research and design. Troy also has turned into a major office center, housing the world headquarters of Kmart.

Major Industry
Auto and tank manufacturing, auto research and design

Population
580,987 (1990)

Cities
Warren, 138,078; Sterling Heights, 118,698; Troy, 79,120 (1996)

People
100% urban; 13% age 65+ (ranks fifth of 16 in state; middle third nationally); 58% married couples, 27% married couples with children; 20% college educated (ranks fourth of 16 in state; middle third nationally); 63% white collar (ranks second of 16 in nation; top third nationally), 25% blue collar (ranks 13 of 16 in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Race
93% white, 4% black, 2% Asian; 1% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$38,760 (ranks second of 16 in state; top third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
Shrine of the Little Flower church in Royal Oak, where Father Charles Coughlin broadcast his controversial weekly radio programs in the 1930s.

© 2002 The Washington Post Company