CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 83% 11% 95% 3% 1997 75 24 93 3 1996 77 19 95 2 1995 82 13 93 2 1994 63 23 79 2 1993 73 25 92 2 1992 11 85 89 4 1991 21 77 87 3 1990 12 80 86 3 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 94 1997 93 1996 95 1995 94 1994 81 1993 93 1992 93 1991 91 1990 88	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 100% n/a 22% 0 % 1997 95 100 20 8 1996 95 100 19 0 1995 100 100 9 8 1994 90 100 18 0 1993 95 100 0 0 1992 85 92 13 0 1991 100 100 11 0 1990 94 100 29 4
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

NEW YORK 11 : Central Brooklyn - Flatbush; Crown Heights; Brownsville

The 11th, a residential district in central Brooklyn with a majority-black population, covers some of the borough's best and worst neighborhoods. When the New York legislature in 1997 redrew the boundaries of the neighboring 12th - a majority-Hispanic district declared to be unconstitutionally gerrymandered - it changed the boundaries of the 11th only slightly. Some African-American residents in the north were replaced by residents of Park Slope in the northwest, increasing the district's white population and average income. But the change did not affect the district's reliably Democratic vote.

At the heart of the district is Flatbush, a working-class black and Hispanic neighborhood that has become home to Caribbean immigrants from Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago. The district's West Indian Festival and parade attracts millions of visitors every year, a feature that economic development officials hope to exploit to draw tourists into Brooklyn.

North of Flatbush sits Crown Heights, made infamous in 1991 when a station wagon driven by an orthodox rabbi's assistant struck two children, killing one. The incident touched off four days of riots between African-Americans and Hasidic Jews and contributed to the defeat of then-mayor David Dinkins. The world headquarters of the Lubavitchers, an intellectual orthodox Jewish movement that began in the late 18th century, is located in Crown Heights.

Major Industry
Health care, retail, tourism

Population
580,337 (1990)

Cities
New York (pt.), 580,337 (1990)

People
100% urban; 8% age 65+ (ranks 30 of 31 in state; bottom third nationally); 36% married couples, 20% married couples with children; 18% college educated (ranks 19 of 31 in state; middle third nationally); 64% white collar (ranks 14 of 31 in state; top third nationally), 19% blue collar (ranks 22 of 31 in state; bottom third nationally) (1990)

Race
Non-Hispanic: 18% white, 67% black, 3% Asian; 12% Hispanic (1990)

Median Household Income
$26,974 (ranks 25 of 31 in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
In 1947, Jackie Robinson became the first black major league baseball player at the Brooklyn Dodgers' Ebbets Field; Brooklyn Museum; New York Botanical Garden.

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