CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 82% 18% 92% 4% 1997 77 20 92 4 1996 82 15 91 6 1995 86 13 95 3 1994 82 18 97 1 1993 74 25 95 4 1992 16 84 96 3 1991 25 73 93 3 1990 16 84 94 5 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 96 1997 95 1996 96 1995 98 1994 98 1993 98 1992 99 1991 96 1990 99	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 100% n/a 39% 8 % 1997 85 100 30 9 1996 90 100 25 5 1995 90 100 17 4 1994 95 75 50 0 1993 100 100 27 4 1992 95 92 25 4 1991 95 100 20 5 1990 94 92 29 17
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

NEW YORK 28 : Rochester

A compact district, the 28th takes in the city of Rochester and surrounding Monroe County on Lake Ontario. Compared with Rochester, the Monroe County suburbs are relatively affluent. The most populous suburbs, Greece and Irondequoit, are north of the city; Pittsford, the wealthiest suburb, is southeast.

Optic and imaging manufacturing firms drive the 28th's economy, joined by high-tech startup companies that benefit from proximity to the district's major corporations (Eastman Kodak and Xerox Corp.) and the area's major academic institutions. Rochester has suffered high unemployment in recent years, and though much of the slack in the manufacturing sector has been picked up by the service industries, the lower salaries have exacerbated the problems of Rochester's low-income residents.

Unlike many northeastern cities with blue-collar bases, the Rochester area long held to a moderate Republican tradition typical of upstate New York. But it has begun to lean the other way. The district supported Clinton in the 1992 and '96 presidential elections, and the same Democrat has held its House seat since 1986. Part of the Democrats' success has been tapping party members in Rochester, which has about two-fifths of the 28th's population and is the state's third-largest city. But Republicans still hold a wide plurality among registered voters in suburban Monroe County.

Major Industry
Service, manufacturing, retail

Population
580,347 (1990)

Cities
Rochester 221,594; Greece (unincorporated), 92,582; Irondequoit (unincorporated), 52,467 (1996 est.)

People
96% urban; 13% age 65+ (ranks 17 of 31 in state; middle third nationally); 50% married couples, 23% married couples with children; 27% college educated (ranks eighth of 31 in state; top third nationally); 65% white collar (ranks 13 of 31 in state; top third nationally), 22% blue collar (ranks 16 of 31 in state; bottom third nationally) (1990)

Race
82% white, 14% black, 2% Asian; 4% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$33,899 (ranks 14 of 31 in state; top third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
Women's rights activist Susan B. Anthony's home in Rochester is now a museum; Abolitionist Frederick Douglas buried in Rochester.

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