CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 26% 71% 87% 8% 1997 23 77 88 7 1996 29 68 92 4 1995 15 83 92 3 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 94 1997 94 1996 95 1995 96	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 10% n/a 82% 92 % 1997 5 0 90 96 1996 10 9 86 100 1995 0 0 100 100
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

OKLAHOMA 1 : Tulsa; part of Wagoner County

Frame houses on small plots of land in the city's outskirts contrast with the skyscrapers of downtown Tulsa, the heart of the 1st and one of the most solidly Republican enclaves in Oklahoma. Once the "Oil Capital of the World," Tulsa thrived on digging for "black gold" until the market dried up in the 1980s. At the same time, farms fought to survive the drought conditions.

The economy struggled until the late 1980s, when an effort to attract a diverse range of businesses through tax breaks and other incentives started to pay off. Tulsa has become a manufacturing hub of flight simulators. While aviation and aerospace manufacturing have remained productive, the telecommunications and financial services industries have helped prolong growth.

With the local economy on the mend, real estate prices are beginning to rise as Tulsa continues to grow. Young professionals are moving into the more established sections of the city's center and are renovating single-family homes.

Although Democrats split the votes in the 1st's local elections, Republicans dominate the federal level. The region has voted for a Democratic presidential candidate only twice since 1920. Socially conservative issues play well here, the home of Oral Roberts U.

Major Industry
Airline, defense manufacturing, oil

Population
524,135 (1990)

Cities
Tulsa (pt.), 361,628; Broken Arrow (pt.), 56,871; Sand Springs (pt.), 15,015 (1990)

People
88% urban; 11% age 65+ (ranks fifth of six in state; middle third nationally); 55% married couples, 26% married couples with children; 23% college educated (ranks second of six in state; top third nationally); 64% white collar (ranks first of six in state; top third nationally), 23% blue collar (ranks fifth of six in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Race
83% white, 10% black, 1% Asian, 5% American Indian; 2% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$27,472 (ranks second of six in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
One of the deadliest race riots in American history took place in the Tulsa neighborhood of Greenwood in June 1921 - nearly 300 people died; Oral Roberts U., known for its 200-foot prayer tower and "Praying Hands" sculpture.

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