CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 22% 78% 88% 13% 1997 29 69 89 10 1996 32 66 81 18 1995 26 74 85 14 1994 24 74 95 5 1993 25 75 88 11 1992 63 37 87 12 1991 65 34 84 14 1990 74 26 87 13 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 99 1997 99 1996 99 1995 99 1994 99 1993 99 1992 99 1991 98 1990 100	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 15% n/a 78% 84 % 1997 10 0 80 88 1996 30 18 88 85 1995 5 8 96 96 1994 20 22 75 76 1993 20 17 73 92 1992 25 42 63 84 1991 20 33 80 100 1990 11 25 79 88
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

TENNESSEE 2 : East - Knoxville

Nestled in the valley of the Great Smoky Mountains at the mouth of the Tennessee River, the 2nd wraps around Knoxville and stretches south to include some Chattanooga suburbs.

State and federal jobs in the district are abundant for residents who tend to criticize big government year after year. The Tennessee Valley Authority is headquartered in Knoxville, and the newly constructed Pellissippi Parkway enables commuters to quickly travel west of Knoxville to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (in the 3rd District).

But Knoxvillians will tell you their pride and joy is U. of Tennessee athletics. Restaurants, hotels and other businesses thrive on the fans who flock to the university's gargantuan football stadium and basketball arena each year. Also, preliminary plans are underway to build the first Women's Basketball Hall of Fame along the river, with hopes that it will help revitalize a downtown area that has suffered from the departure of businesses seeking the economic prosperity of the western end of the city.

The GOP is entrenched in the 2nd, which has not sent a Democrat to Congress since pre-Civil War days. In fact, rarely does the Republican incumbent sweat an election. Local politics are much less partisan and the state seats are usually split evenly between parties.

Major Industry
Higher education, aluminum, electronics

Population
541,780 (1990)

Cities
Knoxville, 167,535; Maryville, 23,042; Farragut Town, 16,223 (1996)

People
56% urban; 13% age 65+ (ranks fifth of nine in state; middle third nationally); 59% married couples, 26% married couples with children; 19% college educated (ranks second of nine in state; middle third nationally); 57% white collar (ranks second of nine in state; middle third nationally), 30% blue collar (ranks sixth of nine in state; top third nationally) (1990)

Race
92% white, 6% black, 1% Asian; 1% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$25,167 (ranks fourth of nine in state; bottom third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
On home football game days, the U. of Tennessee's Neyland stadium becomes the state's fifth largest city, with more than 106,000 in attendance; Knoxville is the birthplace of film director Quentin Tarantino; Knoxville hosted the World's Fair in 1982.

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