CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 80% 18% 83% 16% 1997 72 27 76 22 1996 72 27 72 28 1995 69 29 63 32 1994 82 18 74 23 1993 82 17 75 23 1992 43 56 75 23 1991 41 56 78 20 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 99 1997 96 1996 98 1995 95 1994 98 1993 98 1992 99 1991 98	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 90% n/a 44% 8 % 1997 60 88 70 28 1996 60 82 50 20 1995 45 64 63 25 1994 45 44 75 38 1993 35 67 55 33 1992 55 75 63 40 1991 40 75 50 35
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

TEXAS 11 : Central - Waco

The 11th's residents are not party-line voters, and they do not embrace change - in 60 years, the district has had just three congressmen. While longtime Democratic Rep. Edwards carried all but one of the district's 12 counties in 1996, the 11th is trending Republican. In 1996, Bob Dole carried all but two counties, Milam and Falls, in this rural district set between Dallas and Austin.

About one-third of the district's residents reside in each of Bell and McLennan counties, which together provide the bulk of Democratic votes. Waco, in McLennan County, is the 11th's core and is considered the educational, cultural and economic lifeblood of central Texas. It is also the largest marketing center between Austin and Dallas. The district was largely insulated from the energy bust of the 1980s and has seen steady economic growth.

Fort Hood, the district's massive military base in Bell County, is an economic mainstay that has yet to be substantially affected by defense cutbacks. It has drawn retired veterans - more than any other district in the nation - who come to the district largely for its mild climate and three veterans' medical centers.

Major Industry
Military, agriculture, light manufacturing

Military Bases
Fort Hood (Army), 40,955 military, 3,386 civilian (1998)

Population
566,280 (1990)

Cities
Waco, 108,412; Killeen, 78,022; Temple, 51,394 (1996 est.)

People
60% urban; 13% age 65+ (ranks eighth of 30 in state; middle third nationally); 60% married couples, 30% married couples with children; 15% college educated (ranks 17 of 30 in state; bottom third nationally); 52% white collar (ranks 21 of 30 in state; bottom third nationally), 28% blue collar (ranks 13 of 30 in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Race
76% white, 16% black, 2% Asian; 12% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$22,283 (ranks 21 of 30 in state; bottom third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
In 1993, a complex outside Waco known as Ranch Apocalypse was the scene of a deadly standoff between federal agents and members of the Branch Davidian group; Waco is home to Baylor U., the world's largest Baptist-affiliated university; Texas Ranger Museum in Waco includes Billy the Kid's rifle and guns used on both sides of the Bonnie and Clyde ambush.

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