CQ Voting Studies are an annual analysis of a member's support or opposition to a given position. Interest Group Ratings are based on rankings from groups chosen to represent liberal, conservative, business and labor viewpoints.Voting Participation scores are based on the number of times a member voted "yea" or "nay" on roll call votes (not including quorum calls in the House). CQ Vote Studies Year Presidential Support Party Unity   S* O* S O 1998 74% 24% 84% 15% 1997 64 35 79 19 1996 78 22 83 16 1995 68 22 74 17 1994 86 13 92 6 1993 80 19 88 7 1992 20 78 93 4 1991 23 75 89 4 1990 21 78 91 6 S=Support; O=Oppose
Voting Participation Year % 1998 99 1997 98 1996 99 1995 92 1994 97 1993 97 1992 96 1991 94 1990 96	Interest Groups Year ADA AFL-CIO CCUS ACU 1998 90% n/a 39% 20 % 1997 70 88 50 25 1996 75 82 44 10 1995 70 92 41 25 1994 85 78 67 5 1993 80 100 18 13 1992 80 82 25 4 1991 85 91 11 0 1990 89 83 23 17
Note on Interest Groups: ADA=Americans for Democratic Action; AFL-CIO=American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations; CCUS=Chamber of Commerce of the United States; ACU=American Conservative Union

WISCONSIN 4 : Southern Milwaukee and Milwaukee County suburbs; southeast Waukesha County

The densely packed Polish flats in the northern part of the 4th and the sprawling and suburban farms to the west make the district one of the most politically and physically diverse region in the state. In southern Milwaukee County, Polish and German descendants dominate, but the region also houses the state's highest concentration of Hispanic residents.

After the next census, the 5th might be combined with the 4th, as suburban sprawl continues to drain Milwaukee County of its population; it's the only county in the state to suffer population decline since 1990. The local economy has been resurrected in recent years through growth in the service industries, after suffering thousands of job losses through de-industrialization since the early 1980s.

The loss of union jobs and general urban flight have eroded the Democratic base of support in Milwaukee's south. While the core of city voters in southern Milwaukee County vote Democratic, Waukesha County to the west is one of the fastest growing regions of the state and votes Republican, creating a conservative Democratic seat.

Major Industry
Machinery manufacturing for mining, construction and electronic equipment, service

Population
543,482 (1990)

Cities
Milwaukee (pt.), 202,167 (1990); West Allis, 60,550; Waukesha, 60,197 (1990)

People
98% urban; 13% age 65+ (ranks fifth of nine in state; middle third nationally); 56% married couples, 25% married couples with children; 17% college educated (ranks fourth of nine in state; middle third nationally), 58% white collar (ranks third of nine in state; middle third nationally), 29% blue collar (ranks sixth of nine in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Race
94% white, 1% black, 1% Asian; 6% Hispanic origin (1990)

Median Household Income
$32,260 (ranks second of nine in state; middle third nationally) (1990)

Unusual Features
World's largest four-sided analog clock on Allen-Bradley building; oldest sanctioned bowling alley in the United States, called Holler House.

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