Arlene Wohlgemuth was elected to the Texas House of Representatives in 1994 with 50.1 percent of the vote, barely defeating Bernard Erickson. She defeated him again in 1996 with 54 percent of the vote.
She was re-elected again in 1998 with 59 percent of the vote, defeating Gayle Appleby Ledbetter. She was unopposed in 2000 and was re-elected. In 2002, Wohlgemuth won with 68 percent of the vote, defeating Greg Kauffman.
In the 2004 Republican primary for District 17 in the U.S. House, Wohlgemuth received 41 percent of the vote, advancing to a runoff with Dot Snyder and defeating Dave McIntyre. In the GOP runoff, Wohlgemuth won with 54 percent, defeating Snyder.