Jim Harrell ran successful campaigns for the Surry County Board of Commissioners in 1990, 1994, 1998 and 2002.
In the July 2004 Democratic primary in the 5th Congressional District, Harrell captured nearly three-quarters of the votes in a race against Andrew Winfrey and Roger Kirkman. He is expected to face an uphill fight in the general election against state Sen. Virginia Foxx, as the district is heavily Republican.