The retrial of a former Blackwater security guard convicted of first-degree murder in 2014 resulted in a hung jury Wednesday, dealing a blow to the Justice Department’s long pursuit of accountability for a 2007 shooting of unarmed civilians that drew international condemnation during the Iraq War.
It was the second time Slatten faced trial on murder charges in the shooting rampage that outraged diplomatic and humanitarian circles and sparked calls to end the U.S. government’s use of private military forces.
Slatten will remain detained until at least Sept. 14, when Assistant U.S. Attorney Fernando Campoamor-Sanchez said prosecutors will come back to Lamberth and Slatten’s defense team to say whether the government intends to try him again.
Charges were first brought against six Blackwater employees in 2008, and over the next decade their cases careened among trial and appeals courts.
Iraqi shooting survivors and relatives of victims testified in person in U.S. courts over the years of extended proceedings, including 30 in 2014 who represented the largest number of foreign witnesses to have traveled to the United States for a criminal trial, prosecutors said at the time.
The retrial jury had indicated in a note to the judge last week that it was at an impasse and asked, “Please advise.” The judge sent them home for the weekend and asked them to try again to reach a verdict when they returned to court Tuesday.
Slatten’s family members and his attorneys declined to comment after the mistrial.
“I commend you for your efforts,” Lamberth said. “You strove to be good jurors,” adding that he knew that they were disappointed at not being able to come to a unanimous decision, as were the parties in the case.
He also asked if any jurors would like to stay and answer questions from attorneys for Slatten and federal prosecutors about their deliberations, which the judge said could help determine whether a third trial will be held. All but one juror appeared to take up the offer, and huddled with attorneys behind closed doors for an hour after Lamberth’s ruling.
The jurors declined to talk to a reporter.
In 2014, a jury in Washington convicted Slatten of murder and three fellow Blackwater Worldwide guards of 30 counts of manslaughter and attempted manslaughter. The team was part of a convoy protecting State Department personnel,
But a federal appeals court last August ordered a new trial for Slatten, saying he should have been tried separately from a co-defendant, Paul A. Slough, 38, who told investigators days after the shootings that he, not Slatten, fired the first rounds in the incident.
Slatten defense lawyer Dane Butswinkas asked jurors in closing arguments to focus on Slough’s statements, saying, “What is his [Slough’s] incentive to make up that he shot the driver? . . . How can that not be reasonable doubt?”
Slatten, of Sparta, Tenn., had been imprisoned in Sumterville, Fla., serving a mandatory life sentence, before being moved to Virginia and the District for retrial.
Prosecutors still face resentencings of three other convicted defendants, Slough, of Keller, Tex., Evan S. Liberty, 36, of Rochester, N.H., and Dustin L. Heard, 37, of Maryville, Tenn. They had asked the court to delay the resentencing until late September, given Slatten’s retrial.
The three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit that vacated Slatten’s conviction last year also set aside the 30-year terms given the defendants in 2014, saying the sentences violated a constitutional prohibition against “cruel and unusual punishment.”
The three men received twice the maximum punishment for manslaughter alone after being convicted of using military firearms while committing a felony, an enhanced penalty that was primarily aimed at gang members and had never been used against security contractors given military weapons by the U.S. government.
In a 2-to-1 ruling, the panel said it did not intend to minimize the carnage attributable to the men, saying “their poor judgments resulted in the deaths of many innocent people,” but called for more “nuanced” penalties based on each one’s wrongdoing rather than “sledgehammer” treatment.
In the long history of the Blackwater prosecution, one guard, Jeremy Ridgeway, pleaded guilty to manslaughter and testified against Slatten in both of Slatten’s trials, although he also said he thought Slough fired first. Prosecutors withdrew charges against one other Blackwater convoy member, citing a lack of evidence.
A federal judge initially threw out the other indictments in 2009, saying prosecutors improperly relied on statements the guards have given State Department investigators immediately after the shooting, believing their statements would not be used in court.
A different three-judge panel of the D.C. Circuit reversed that ruling in 2011, clearing the way for prosecutors to obtain fresh indictments against Slatten and the three others.
However, prosecutors took so long to charge Slatten that the statutory time limit for bringing a manslaughter charge had expired, an error the appeals court panel said stemmed from an errant ruling, a court found.
The Justice Department responded by charging Slatten, a former Army sniper, with first-degree murder, which has no statute of limitations, but required a higher burden of proof, including premeditation, which prosecutors labored this summer to meet.
Slatten’s defense also got a new boost when a key government witness — Jimmy Watson, the leader of the four-vehicle convoy who was seated next to Slatten — retreated from his previous strong, repeated testimony that he had heard Slatten fire first.
Watson, who Slatten’s attorneys said suffered a brain injury in a diving accident while a Navy SEAL, appeared “a bit of a shell of himself” on the stand in the retrial, lead prosecutor T. Patrick Martin acknowledged, “looking off into the distance” and speaking in a muted tone and cadence.
But Martin asked jurors to remember “the 2013 Watson,” who without hesitation and “clear as a bell” said seven times — in recorded grand jury testimony that was played at the retrial — that he heard Slatten fire first, then Slough.
“He was not the Mr. Watson of 2013. . . . You saw a different man up here, and that was unfortunate,” Martin said in the government's closing arguments. “But the 2013 Watson gives you the testimony you need” to find Slatten guilty.
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