Ukraine’s version of borscht — the Eastern European beetroot soup produced in various forms in countries throughout the region — was added Friday to a United Nations’ protection list, fast-tracked because of the Russian invasion.
Borscht is cooked in many different forms, from a pure beetroot barszcz common in Poland to recipes including mushrooms, fish or sweet peppers. Core ingredients include beet, cabbage, onion, potato and carrot. It is also common in Russia and Romania, leading to culinary disputes about which kind of borscht is tastiest or most authentic.
“Borscht is considered part of the fabric of Ukrainian society, cultural heritage, identity and tradition,” says the U.N., while noting that inclusion on its urgent safeguarding list “does not imply exclusivity, nor ownership, of the heritage concerned.”
Borscht and the best way to cook it have long been the subjects of fierce dispute between Russians and Ukrainians, well before the invasion in February, with Ukrainian chefs drawing up a compendium of regional variations. And, like arguments in Middle Eastern countries about hummus, it is a subject with many partisan advocates but no undisputed claimant, born of traditions that predate today’s national borders.
In a Telegram post Friday, Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova said borscht originated among Russian residents of Kyiv, citing an obscure 16th-century document. “Now live with it,” she wrote.
“Food, like language, is the first and last cultural bastion,” Marianna Dushar, a Ukrainian anthropologist and food writer, told The Washington Post in 2020. “We grow up with it, and we associate ourselves with it. Countries communicate with other countries through food.”
Immigrants to the United States from borscht-making regions have also made the recipe their own. In an article for Bon Appétit magazine, food writer Claire Saffitz called an Ashkenazi Jewish preparation “the greatest recipe of all time.”
“It’s something every grandma teaches their kid how to make,” Jason Birchard, the third-generation owner of Veselka, a popular, 24-hour Ukrainian diner in New York’s East Village, said in a phone interview. He praised the UNESCO listing.
In the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Birchard said that all proceeds he makes from selling borscht in-house and online will be donated to humanitarian relief efforts in Ukraine. So far, the restaurant has raised more than $200,000.
“I have customers telling me that they don’t like borscht but they want to contribute $100,” Birchard said.
Duplain reported from London and Tsui from Washington. Robyn Dixon in Riga, Latvia, contributed to this report.
correction
An earlier version of this report said incorrectly that Ukrainian borscht was already on a UNESCO cultural heritage list but that its status had been upgraded. In fact, it was first added Friday. The article has been corrected.